Democracy, The Right And Liberty - 1445 Words

Democracy, defined by David F.J Campbell in 2008, as, â€Å"[t]he essential idea of democracy is that the people have the right to determine who governs them. In most cases they elect the principal governing officials and hold them accountable for their actions†. As illustrated in Module 4, citizens living in a democracy have the right and liberty to, individuals are willing to compromise their own freedom to have an elected official represent their decisions. Citizens of a country hold power in terms of electing who will represent them in a government by exercising their right to vote. In Canada, and in many other democracies around the world, citizens’ votes influence the government, and can either be beneficial to one person or group, and it†¦show more content†¦The data in this journal includes a statistical analysis that provides reasons of why Canada is majoritarian and how it the government of Canada has shaped in recent years. The current system can be described as a majoritarian one as it includes two parties, â€Å"[t]he Liberals and Conservatives, that have formed government since World War One† (p.838). These two political parties have held government and have become increasingly powerful by working closely with an appointed cabinet that seeks to impress the prime minister and the party in power. As indicated in Module 5, the Canadian Westminster model is â€Å"characterized by the concentration of power in the prime minister and the cabinet and by an adversarial relationship between the government and opposition parties.† Since the cabinet is appointed, and not elected by citizens, it implies the question of: who is representing the people and upholding their values in the elected government? The problem with this majoritarian model is that it ensures power to certain branches, which proceeds to diminish the actual views and values of citizens, as policies and laws are established by members of the cabinet that may be bias, only because they work closely to the prime minister and the party in power. Furthermore, central agencies, as mentioned in Module 7, have become increasingly questioned as their role in developing and formulating public policies. By workingShow MoreRelatedDemocracy, Rights, Liberty, Opportunity, And Equality1589 Words   |  7 PagesDemocracy, Rights, Liberty, Opportunity, and Equality are some American Ideals. Not all Americans share these values, but most of them are known for practicing them. Liberty allows people to do what they want; democracy is the form of government that most Americans think is the best. It allows every citizen to participate equally. 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Going into this class, like many, I was convinced that democracy was a cut and clear issue. I believed that democracy was a shining beacon in the world of government, and I never really gave a second thought to it. Through the times of this course however, I have come to truly understand the make up of democracy and where it came from. The real issue that is had within democracy is the actual implementation a nd execution of the systemRead MoreDifferences Between the Political and Value Based Definitions of Democracy1318 Words   |  5 Pagesstates the difference between a democracy as a political definition and one as values. Democracy first begins its definition during the time of the Herodotus democracy. It has grown to become associated as a liberal democracy, although originally it is a form of ruling by the people. According to Samuel P. 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An Article On The Health System Of The Indigenous Ashtray...

expected has proof that challenging for the average citizen to comprehend and it does not convey a personal impact upon their life (Zezza and Nacinovich, 2015). In an article by McCalman, et al., 2016, it discuss is the effectiveness of in fermentation of the indigenous ashtray lien health care. The article goes on to discuss how comparison of the indigenous Australian review against the Paris reference guide and suggests fledging but growing state of indigenous implementation research (McCalman et al., 2016). An article by Al-sharqi in 2012 it discusses the health system developments in Australia. The Contemporary health system in Australia evolved over two stages that are outlined as follows: the period was characterized by the†¦show more content†¦Medicare also cover financial issues between two major parties hospitals and doctors (Al-sharqi, 2012). The Australian government provides health insurance for many of their citizens as some opt out of government coverage to select their own private health plan. In a video online, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4eA_0x8ONsU, a woman from Newark, NJ reports how she was born with club feet. She stated how she required surgery at 3 months old to repair her club feet. She stated that the doctors performed the surgery, in which they broke the bones to her feet in an attempt to straighten the clubbing. Complications begin after the surgery in which the end result was an amputation three inches below the knee at only 3 months old. Because of this she had to continually go through future operations as she grew older as a child. Once turning eighteen she was no longer allowed to be on her parents insurance this created a great issue as she was unable to find insurance for herself because all the insurance companies would decline her as they would say the amputation was a pre-existing condition. She stated that she continued through college, completed a degree and became a federal employee through a government entity. At this time, she still was not able to obtain health insurance due to her pre-existing condition period due to these issues within the United States Healthcare System. She then decided to relocate to Australia in which their government

Avant-Garde fashion history Free Essays

string(77) " designs might have been lassie as avian-garden, it is not truly innovative\." Context Page Introduction 2 History of avian-garden 2-3 Avian-garden in fashion history 3 Contemporary fashion and avian-garden 3 Discussion of Suzan Hens’ autumn/ winter collection 4 Discussion of Assistant Louse’s 2011 autumn/winter collections-5 Discussion of Black Coffee’s 2013 winter collection 5-6 Discussion of Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter collection 6-7 Discussion of Taboo Machete’s 2012 collection 7 Conclusion 7-8 List of Illustrations 9-13 List of References 14-15 What is avian-garden and how does it fit into South African contemporary fashion design? In order for one to determine if you are for or against avian-garden, and pacifically in relations to South African avian-garden, one must first define avian- garden and explore the origin and history of the movement. According to The Oxford Dictionary of Art, avian-garden is defined as â€Å"a term originally used to describe the foremost part of an army advancing into battle (also called vanguard) and now applied to a group, particularly of artist, that considers itself innovative and ahead of the majority’ (Chillers, 2004:42). Avian-garden therefore refers to designs that are new, innovative and cutting edge. We will write a custom essay sample on Avant-Garde fashion history or any similar topic only for you Order Now South African avian-garden is presently a very small part of the local fashion industry, UT it is a developing fashion trend with great potential. South African avian-garden designers are constantly pushing the envelope in order to stretch the minds of the consumers and other designers. This carries great potential for the South African fashion industry as well as the economy, for if the designers succeed to be truly avian-garden, it is bound to have a positive outcome. I am therefore arguing for the existence and development of South African avian-garden and will be discussing Suzan Hens’ 2011 autumn/winter range, die form, Assistant Louis 2011 autumn/ winter range, Black Coffee’s 2013 winter range, WREATHE, Luda Inglenook’ 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, as well as Taboo Machete’s 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa. Avian-garden first made its appearance in art during die late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. A small group of artist decided to break away from the rules that bound artist into creating only an established style of art. They actively attacked the institution of art in order to separate and detach themselves from it, but also to reincorporate themselves and their art into life (Berger, 1984: xvii). The first avian- garden art appeared is the Italian Futurism, French Cubism and German Expressionism movements. These movements were so different due to their fundamentally new aspirations and origins in relation between the artist and the world as well as the subject and the object. Dadaism, Surrealism and Constructivism followed soon after, continuing in these aspirations (Cabooses, 1971 : 53). During the late twentieth century, the fashion century came to an end and postposition came into being. This new fashion movement is expressed in the reversal of the relationship between the fashion designer and follower. Since the ass’s, fashion is no longer initiated by the aristocracy or the bourgeoisie and then hefted down to the general public, but now introduced by the general publics street style where after it moves into the salons of haute couture where it is adapted and mimicked (Vine, 2005: 63). In the ass’s, fashion designers started implementing the use of non-fashionable elements to create the avian-garden fashion beyond fashion. Western Paris-based fashion designs and ideas were shattered and the idea of dressing oneself as a ‘man’, Woman’ or ‘lady became an out of date concept. The avian-garden fashion trend aimed to expose the old function of clothes that classified people into groups of age, gender and status (Geeky, 2012:103). Furthermore, avian- garden designers aimed to shock the public and not to create beautiful and luxurious clothing (Vine, 2005: 64). Today, contemporary civilization is so desensitizing to norms and values that designers struggle to succeed in using the shock treatment as a way to draw attention to their work. It is also very difficult for designers to create totally new designs, for almost everything has been done before. Due to this, as a designer, avian-garden is such a difficult movement to be apart of. South African designers therefore also tend not to be a part of the avian-garden movement, but to follow the European trends and use it as part of their design inspiration. A few South African designers has accepted the challenge of designing avian-garden garments, but are they really a match for the famous and established avian-garden designers or are they simply following in the footsteps of other avian-garden designers? In case study 1, Suzan Hens’ 2011 autumn/ winter range is depicted. This range’s name is â€Å"die form†, because she drew her inspiration from the anatomy of the human body (Hens, 2011). When one looks at the images, one can see that in some instances, continues lines are used to depict the flow and natural rhythm of the human body. Her aim was to reveal the inside of the body on the exterior of a garment, thus creating an exoskeleton (Hens, 2011). This is evident in every design due to the different techniques that she implemented. In this collection one can also see that the muscular and skeletal systems are taken and distorted and warped to create remarkable designs. The fracture shapes in the garments, also contributes to an anatomical silhouette. Suzan describes her collection and says â€Å"it is about inner symbolism, looking at our inner physiology and taking it outside which in turn represents the unveiling of our hidden psyche† (Hens, 2011). Suzan Hens is one of South Africans leading avian-garden fashion designers, but does her designs live up to the standards and definition of true avian-garden design? Although her range has a very interesting concept, and forms such an excellent collection, it is not truly avian-garden, for it has been done before. In 2010, Gucci had a range inspired by x-rays and the same year Jean Paul Guiltier launched his creation as part of the fall collection, inspired by exploring the concept of wearing narrower as outerwear Goanna, 2010). This proves that although her designs might have been lassie as avian-garden, it is not truly innovative. You read "Avant-Garde fashion history" in category "Fashion" She did thus also not set a trend, but followed the trendsetters. In case study 2, one can see Assistant Louse’s 2011 autumn/winter collection. In this collection, he uses different layers of fabric to represent an exploration of self- expression in the context of social, sexual and traditional cultures. At the same time it also comments on our perception of an African aesthetic (Melange, 2011). Assistant was inspired by the way that different cultures wrapped their cloths, especially the Mass’ and Indian cultures as well as the ancient Greeks (Mulberry: 2011). He also explored with African aesthetics in his collection, which can be seen in the beaded necklines. His collaboration of different cultures’ way of wrapping their clothing, led to a balance of colonial and nomadic styles. In this collection, a diverse range of high-wasted peg-leg trousers can be seen along with harem pants and pleated shoulder shawls. Loose fabrics are also used to create these different kinds of wraps and loose silhouettes. The warm and earthy colors, such as mud-grey, brown, blue, red and burnt orange, also refer back to African aesthetics. These colors bring the collection and theme to life. Colorful belts that are wrapped and folded over loose vests as well as over-sized neck pieces are also some of the accessories and styling that contributes to the feel of the overall range (Mulberry, 2011). Assistant Low is viewed as one of South Africans up and coming avian-garden designers, but these designs can not be classified as truly avian-garden. The use of fabrics, such as t-shirt fabric, and the combination of clothing items might be a new addition to traditional culture’s wrapping cloths or way of styling, but that does not make it avian-garden. As soon as a designer uses another culture’s clothing as inspiration, the ND product is likely not to be avian-garden, for it has mostly been done before. The third case study is Black Coffee’s 2013 winter range, WREATHE. This range entwines together contemporary engineering and fabrics with classic and feminine silhouettes. The textures that is clearly visible and one of the key elements of this collection, is created by braiding industrial felt and the layering of mesh panels. In this collection, Black Coffee experimented with the sculptural process of carving, where the shape is exposed within and not constructed by the foundational material (Black Coffee, 2012). This also served as their inspiration for the range. With this collection, Black Coffee hoped to create a ‘collection that captivates by precision and seduces through romantic imagination’ (Black Coffee, 2012). This collection uses a very soft and feminine color palette in order to convey the romantic feel and to highlight the classic silhouettes. It also uses the classic clothing elements such as high-wasted pants, coats and dresses but change them in such a way that they appear as innovative garments. In 2009, Given launched a spring range with a dress that appears to be very similar to some of Black Coffee’s 2013 winter designs (Style, 2012). Although that is the case, Black Coffee can still be viewed as an avian-garden designer, for it creates truly innovative designs that are beautiful and functional at the same time. In case study 4, Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, are depicted. His inspiration for the designs is traditional Xhosa bodywork, craft, symbolism and colors. He uses these in knitwear made of mohair and merino wool in order for mammograms, Xhosa initiates, to wear it after they have gone through the initiation process (Inglenook, 2012). This knitwear depicts his cultural aesthetics and is very practical at the same time. AAA of his designs is contemporary and yet culturally applicable and brings the Xhosa aesthetics to any outfit (Design Indaba, 2013). One can clearly see the use of the Xhosa patterns and the bodywork inspiration in the Jersey designs. They are also colorful, true to the Xhosa traditional colors. Furthermore, Luda has succeeded in creating garments that is formal enough for the mammograms to wear, for they traditionally have to wear formal clothing for up to six months after the initiation process, to symbolize their newly found manhood Inglenook, 2012). This Jersey-knitwear does not seem to be avian-garden design, but no knitwear has been made using Xhosa patterns and bodywork as inspiration before. If one looks at the definition of avian-garden, stating that a design should be innovative to be classified as avian-garden design, then Luda’s Anamosa range can be classified as avian-garden design. Case study 5 depicts Taboo Machete’s 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa, meaning blanket of the prestige (Design Indaba, 2013). Taboo uses Bassist blankets to create stunning coats and handbags. The handbags are made out of the blanket scraps, in order to eliminate as much waste as possible. By up-cycling the blankets, Taboo is also contributing to a â€Å"greener† society (Macbeth, 2013). Traditional Sotto patterns can be seen in the coats, as they are traditionally on Bassist blankets. These blanket coats can certainly be classified as avian-garden, for it is cutting edge, and has not been done before. There is currently a blanket trend amongst males, but none that include fashioning clothing out of blankets. The trend merely includes males draping blankets with fashionable patterns around their neck and shoulders, almost like an over-sized scarf (Bogart, 2013). Contemporary South African fashion does not really include avian-garden fashion designs. Most trends are simply copied from European fashion trends, for we are a season behind. Therefore South Africa has a very small, yet developing avian-garden fashion movement seen in the designs of fashion designers such as Suzan Hens, Assistant Low, Black Coffee, Luda Inglenook and Taboo Macbeth. These designers’ works would most likely not be classified as avian-garden by famous European designers, but from a South African point of view, they would qualify. Just like the small group of artists that broke away from the bounding rules of revises established art styles, our small South African group of designers is attempting avian-garden design. They may not be the leaders of the pack, but they are certainly contending and attacking the system of following European trends. Although I have now seen that South African avian-garden is really limited and almost none existing, I am still arguing for the development of South African fashion design. I believe that the success of being truly avian-garden will lead to exposure and publicity for the country, which in turn will lead to a positive economic outcome. 2003 words List of Illustrations Case Study 1: Suzan Hens Suzan Hens, Die Form, Audiometer 2011. How to cite Avant-Garde fashion history, Essays

Journal Multinational Financial Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Multinational Financial Management? Answer: Introduction Financial analysis is the method or a process which is being done in order to evaluate and assess business projects for ascertaining their viability, performance and suitability (Esqueda and Jackson, 2015). The present report deals with the assessment of offers provided by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts Co. to Vocus Group Ltd regarding the purchase of its total issued capital. A detailed assessment of financial statements and other relevant facts and details of Vocus Group Ltd has been done in order to ascertain that whether the offer should be accepted or not. Further, the main emphasis is made on operating, efficiency and performance aspect of the business. The report ends up with an appropriate suggestion regarding the offer price which has been provided in the acquisition approval. Analysis of operational, efficiency and performance aspects of Vocus Group Ltd. Table 1: Assessment of trend of Net Profit and EPS for the year 2011 -2017 (Amount in A $000) Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Reported NPAT 8115 7775 5098 12925 19850 64252 -1464 EPS Adjusted (cents/share) 14.49 13.28 11.26 16.13 23.16 30.76 -233.49 Percentage of retained profits (5 years) 154.97 565.07 181.67 160.03 69.72 37.69 From above data it can be assessed the Vocus group ltd is having increasing trend in net profit till the year 2016; however the fact has major losses have been incurred in the year 2017 i.e. $1464000 cannot be ignored while evaluating its efficiency (Shapiro, 2008). Similarly, EPS of the company has been increased on a continuing basis from the year 2013 and attained a significant hike from 11.26 cents in the year 2013 to 30.76 in the year 2016. Thus, it can be concluded that except the year 2017; the company is efficiently working and also operating in an appropriate manner (Bodie, 2013). The reason for the significant loss in the year 2017 is a major increase of 386% in operating expenses in comparison to 119% increase in operating revenues. Further, it has been also forecasted earning of the company will reach $300 million until end of the year 2018 and an annual growth in earning of 4%. The specified figures are proof of the efficiency of Vocus Group Ltd. Comparison of Book Value and Market Value of VOC on 30th June 2017 The book value of shares can be specified as the value of the business in accordance with its financial statements. Shareholder equity value; according to this method is ascertained through adding retained earnings to share capital value provided in books of accounts (Petty and et al. 2015). Further the same is divided to total no. of shares in order to ascertain value per share. It is one of the important variants which is assessed by investor as well as company to determine whether the shares and overvalued or undervalued (Farooqi, Harris and Ngo, 2014). Calculation of Book Value Particular Amount in A$000 Sales 1820577 Net Profit After Tax -1464870 Earnings per share (working note 1) (Amount in $) -2.36 Forecasted Earning per share (working note -2) (Amount in $) -.25 (2018) and .26 (2019) Dividend Per Share .06 Forecasted Dividend (working note 3) .063 (2018) and 0.66 (2019) Dividend Growth Rate (Annual) 5% from the year 2018 Book Value (working note 4) 2303063 Working note -1 Calculation of EPS = Total Profit / No. of shares = -1464.87 Million A$ / 619.9819 = -2.36 Working note -2 It has been provided that growth rate of VOC Ltd is 4% thus EPS for future years will be calculated in its accordance Year 2018 = -0.25 A$ Year 2019 = 0.26 A$ Working note -3 As the growth rate of the company is 4% p.a.; thus forecasted dividend will be ascertained through increasing the existing dividend with provided growth rate. The year 2018 .063 A$ The year 2019 .066A$ Working note -4 Calculation of Book Value of VOC Ltd 2089.339 A$ Million / .9072 = 2303063272 A$ Calculation of Market Value Gordon Growth Model Gordon growth model provides the present value of the company as the sum of all future cash flow produced by an organization or entity. However, the model emphasis on the time value and thus due to same reason it is a most appropriate method of ascertaining the market value of any organization (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2013). In case dividend are provided that value of the stock is equal to the net present value of all future dividends. Thus, in the present case of Vocus Ltd; Gordon growth model has been applied for ascertaining market value. Formula = P = D1 / r-g P = Market price of share D1 = expected dividend for next year. R = Cost of equity G = Growth rate Calculation of Cost of equity Risk free rate + (Market rate of return risk free rate) * beta =2.675 % (9.976 % -2.675%) *.61 = 7.129% Calculation of future dividend Year Dividend 2018 $.0600*1.05 = $0.0630 2019 $0.0630*1.05 =$0.0662 2020 $0.0662*1.05 = $0.0695 Share value in 2020 = Dividend in 2020/ (cost of equity growth rate) =$0.0695/ (7.129% -5%) =$3.26 The same will be discounted further: $3.26/1.07129/1.07129 i.e. 2.84. Present value of dividend of the year 2019 = Dividend of the year /1.07129/1.07129 =.0576 Present value of dividend of the year 2018 = Dividend of the year /1.07129/1.07129 =.0549 Total market value of share on 2017 = Present Value of 2017 + Future income = 2.84 +.0576+ .0549 =$2.96 Thus, from above valuation, we have received the market price per share of VOC ltd i.e. $2.96. Further present value of each share is $3.6 by applying residual earnings of 2016 thus equity value ranges among $2.96-$3.6 an average of the same are $3.28. Current market price of a share is $3.37 so same is overvalued. Conclusion In accordance with the present study; conclusion can be drawn that proposed offer regarding takeover bid is not viable with reference to conducted valuation analysis. It is because; as a net result there will be a loss of $.1 on per share to shareholders. A similar conclusion can be drawn by applying other valuation models as the proposal was not in favour of shareholders. References Bodie, Z., 2013.Investments. McGraw-Hill. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Esqueda, O.A. and Jackson, D.O., 2015. Journal of Multinational Financial Management. Farooqi, J., Harris, O. and Ngo, T., 2014. Journal of Multinational Financial Management. Petty, J.W., Titman, S., Keown, A.J., Martin, P., Martin, J.D. and Burrow, M., 2015.Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU. Shapiro, A.C., 2008.Multinational financial management. John Wiley Sons.